Variability and climatic extremes in the Republic of Chad

Abstract

The study of trends and extremes in the Republic of Chad yields that, reduced Center index shows large Inter-annual variability of rainfall that is organized in a wet (1960-1970) phase followed by a dry phase  (1971-1993) and a climb up to (1994-2008). This rainfall deficit over a long period has caused a larger decline in annual rainfall, which is 15.3%. What is relatively high compared to similar studies carried out in the West African region and Central Africa (about 7%). The percentage of the number of rainfall events decreases so that the disc of consecutive dry days increases. The temperatures of the hot days and nights increase exponentially. These events prove to the requisite standard that, the Republic of Chad is not immune to the phenomenon of climate change. The realization of such events bears witness to their probabilistic and non-linear character.

Keywords: variability, precipitation, extreme temperatures, Chad.