Application of Delta Classification Algorithm in Land Cover Change Detection in a Semi-Arid Environment of Northern Nigeria

Abstract

This study attempts to reveal Land use /land cover changes (LULCC) using multi-temporal and multi spectral satellite images in a semi-arid environment of northern Nigeria. Three separate Landsat satellite images for 1986, 1996 and 2001 were employed in this research. The study utilized Delta classification algorithm. The three images were separately classified before change in land use/land cover (LULC) was detected. Out of the seven detected LULC types in the study area, Scrubland, Woodland, and Riparian vegetation decreased while scattered cultivation, Settlement /built-up areas, Reservoir/water body and bare sand surface/rock out crops increased over spatial and temporal scales. Similarly, seven change scenario patterns were identified manifesting various patterns of change in the study area. The research revealed a gradual deforestation from grassland into agriculture, settlements/built-up areas and bare sand surfaces over the spatial and temporal scales. More researches are required that monitor and assess the trends of LULCC in this ecologically fragile environment.