Phytochemical Profiles of Propolis Trigona Spp. from Three Regions in Indonesia Using GC-MS

Abstract

This research was designed to determine the phytochemical components of the ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. using GC-MS. GC-MS analysis showed the presence of twelve different compounds in ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from South Sulawesi region. The main phytochemical compounds identified in propolis from South Sulawesi were octadecane (11.87%) and from twelve compounds identified only six compounds were reported to have biological activity. The ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from South Kalimantan region indicated the presence of eight different bioactive compounds with highest peak area of 0.96% for tricosane, from eight compounds identified only three compounds were reported to have biological activity. The ethanol extract of propolis Trigona spp. from Banten region showed the presence of eight different bioactive compounds with highest peak area of 4.80% for nonacosane and from the eight compounds identified only five compounds were reported to have biological activity. This research confirmed that the existence of different bioactive compounds from each region of origin of propolis in Indonesia.

Keywords: propolis Trigona spp., ethanol extract, phytochemical profile, GC-MS analysis