Urban Sprawl Effects on Settlement Areas in Urban Fringe of Jakarta Metropolitan Area

Abstract

The growth of Jakarta Metropolitan Area, physically marked by rapid growth in urban fringe area, which is forming a settlement areas where its growth tend to be widespread and dispersed randomly as well getting out of control (urban sprawl phenomenon). Urban fringe area is a transitional zone which in the urban pressures process that resulted in the degradation of environmental and institutional fragmentation so  it's growth process lead to unsustainability. The aims of this study were to identify of urban sprawl effect by  analizing  growth of settlement areas and analizing sustainability status of settlement areas also determining the obstacle element  of institutional fragmentation in urban fringe settlement management. Analysis were done by using GIS technique, Multi Dimentional Scalling (MDS) and Interpretative Structural Modelling (ISM). The result showed that the growth trends increasing every year with an acceleration of 2.35 and a sprawl index of 7,21. The sustainability status of settlement area were less sustainable with an sustainability index of 41,46. The main obstacle element were weak coordination among institutions  involved in the management to address the rapid growth in settlement areas and absence of zoning regulations as instruments for controlling the growth of the settlement area.

Keywords: Jakarta Metropolitan Area, settlement areas, urban fringe, urban sprawl