Studying the Process of Formation of Precambrian Period Limestone Dolomite Fossils of Stromatolites in Hot Mineral Water Interacting with CaCO3

Abstract

We studied the conditions of formations of stromatolites in hot mineral water. Studying these formations are very important and interesting as stromatolites store information about nascent life on earth and organic part of the first living organisms - numerous colonies of cyanobacteria, blue-green algae and oil assimilating bacteria, encountered in strata of limestone and dolomite in the crater of extinct volcanoes and thermal sources. For this aim were performed experiments with hot mineral and seawater from Bulgaria using IR-, and DNES-spectroscopy. There were discussed the reactions of condensation and dehydration occurring in alkaline aqueous solutions at 65–95 ⁰C and рН = 9–10, resulting in synthesis from separate molecules larger organic molecules as polymers and short polipeptides. It was shown that hot alkaline mineral water with temperature from +65 ⁰C to +95 ⁰C and pH value from 9 to 11 is more suitable for the origination of life and living matter than other analyzed water samples. The pH value of seawater on contrary is limited to the range of 7.5 to 8.4 units. In hot mineral waters the local maximums in IR-spectra are more manifested compared to the local maximums obtained in IR-spectra of the same water at a lower temperature. The difference in the local maximums from +20 ⁰C to +95 ⁰C at each 5 ⁰C according to Student t-criterion – p < 0.05. These data indicate that the origination of first organic forms of life depends on the structure and physical chemical properties of water, as well as its temperature and pH value. Also it was demonstrated the role of limestone and silica in the formation of the first organic life forms.

Keywords: stromatolites, hot mineral water, origin of life, IR, DNES.