The Relation of Serum Anti-Mullerian Hormone with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Correlation with Clinical and Hormonal Parameters

Abstract

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS) is an endocrine disorder affects 5-10% of all women. The antimullerian hormone (AMH) secreted from granulose cells and is a marker of follicle pool size, in recent studies of PCOS the serum AMH levels were elevated two to threefold.

Objective: to compare AMH between women with and without PCOS, and to investigate if any relationship of AMH to the clinical and hormonal parameters in both groups.

Design: Prospective comparative and analytic study.

Setting: In fertility center of Al-Sader medical city in Najaf.

Material and methods: A total of 86 subfertile women divided into PCOS group (56) and control non-PCOS group (30). The PCOS group diagnosed according to Rotterdam consensus meeting definition (2004). For both groups during early follicular phase transvaginal sonography was performed. Blood samples were collected for: FSH, LH, testosterone, prolactin and AMH levels.

Results: There was highly significant increase level of AMH in PCOS than in non-PCOS group. From 56 patients with PCOS, 28 patients took metformin treatment for at least 2 months and the other 28 patients on no treatment. There was no significant differences in all hormonal parameters between them. There were no significant correlations between the AMH and all the parameters in both PCOS and controls

Conclusion: Increased AMH levels in PCOS possibly due to increased number of small antral follicles. However, there was no correlation between the AMH and other clinical or hormonal parameters. Large scale studies are needed to define the metformin effect on hormonal outcome.

Keywords: PCOS, AMH