Studying the genetic relationship among three populations for Musca domestica L. (Diptera : Muscidae) in Iraq by using RAPD-PCR Technique

Abstract

Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA Polymerase Chain Reaction RAPD-PCR  Technique was used in this study to investigate genetic relationship among three populations of housefly Musca domestica (L.) from Northern, Middle and Southern Iraq. Environmental conditions such as temperature, relative humidity and the amount of annual rainfall to be different in the northern, Middle and Southern Iraq , In addition to the northern of Iraq away from the southern a distance of 1,000 km and away from the middle distance of approximately 500 km or less, as well as there are some mountains and rivers separating northern Iraq from the middle and south , these environmental conditions act as geographical barriers to gen flow among the three population. We have used in this study nine primers and Tools For Population Genetic Analysis (TFPGA) software was used to calculate percentage efficiency of each primer and percentage of discriminatory ability of each primer , In addition to Nei’s genetic identity. The results showed that the primer No. 3 gave the highest of percentage efficiency and percentage of discriminatory ability which is 17.24 and 17.07 respectively ., While primer No. 6 gave The lowest of percentage efficiency and percentage of discriminatory ability which is 5.74 and 6.09 respectively ., The genetic identity among three populations ranges from 1.383 to 1.586, which reveals that there is a low level of genetic identity reflecting the fact that the environmental conditions appear to act as a barrier to gene flow among these populations.

Keywords: Musca domestica , RAPD-PCR , Northern , Middle , Southern , Iraq