Origin, Assessment Type, Forces Influence and Loss of Genetic Diversity -review

Abstract

This review objective is to review the origin of domestic livestock, type of assessment, forces influence and loss of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity is crucial for species and breeds to adapt to changing environmental conditions and to respond to market demands, socio-economic changes and changes in consumer preferences. It provides the buffering capacity for breeds or populations to survive disease outbreaks or dramatically emerging environmental challenges. However, there is loss through inbreeding, mutation, genetic drift, selection and migration, these can be assess by concepts of diversity measurement, molecular-marker approach, morphological-marker approach (phenotypic assessments), pedigree-based approach and survey-based approach.

Keywords: - genetic diversity, assessment of genetic diversity, loss of genetic diversity