Review: A comparative study on the synthesis of gold and silver nanoparticles using pulsed Laser ablation, extraction plants and plasma methods

Abstract

Nanoparticles  have very important and unique properties and  qualities that make them important and distinctive in all fields , and they are used in different applications , and on this basis i conducted this study .this review focuses on the progress in the laser ablation , biological and plasma synthesis processes for Au and Ag NP generation, especially in their fabrication fundamentals and potential applications. First, the fundamentals of the laser ablation method are critically reviewed, including the laser ablation mechanism for Au and  Ag NPs and the controlling of their size and shape during fabrication using laser ablation. Second, the fundamentals of the biological method are comprehensively discussed, involving the synthesis principle and the process of controlling the size and shape and preparing Au and Ag NPs using biological methods. Biological route of nanoparticle synthesis , it is an environmentally friendly , low cost and very effective method , Biosynthesis route by  extracting plants possesses great ability to  synthesize various size and shape of metallic nanoparticles Of these biomaterials ,this study focuses on the synthesis of nanoparticles by plant extracts , The biomolecules present in the plants such as terpenoids, flavones, ketones , amino acids  aldehydes, proteins  , vitamins, alkaloids , tannins, phenolics, saponins, and polysaccharides play a vital role in reduction of metals. Third, the synthesis of Au and Ag NPs using plasma route.the plasma method , which is a method consisting of sending a sufficient pulse of  electric current through an electrical wire for materials that conduct electricity , and the wire is thin , and when heated , the wire evaporates , which leads to an explosive shock wave , and this method is a good method for producing metal nanoparticles with good specifications for use in many applications .many of the techniques used to describe these nanoparticles have been discussed , and this review highlights the applications of nanoparticles in various fields such as agriculture , medicine , food , and cosmetics . Thus, this article reviews the achievements and current status of synthesis of nanoparticles by pulsed laser ablation, extraction of plants and plasma routs, and hopes to provide insights into this exciting research frontier.

Keywords: synthesis,  gold and silver nanoparticles

DOI: 10.7176/APTA/87-04

Publication date: November 30^th 2023