Evaluation of Growth of Motor Vehicles Fleet and Ambience Air Quality in India

Abstract

Increasing Vehicular population and deteriorating quality of air is the by-product of rapid growth of population in India. Undoubtedly on one hand transport sector plays a significant role in the overall development of a nation's economy, but on the other this sector accounts for a substantial and growing proportion of air pollution also. The urban expansion, industrialization, lack of services, energy and transport demands are leading to a vicious cycle of pollution. According to the Inter-governmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the main sources of emission are energy (26%), transport (18%), industry (19%) and buildings (10%) are the main sources of emissions. The road traffic accounts for about 80% of the passenger traffic and 60% of the goods. For vehicular motors emits various pollutants, such as carbon monoxide, nitric-oxide, carbon dioxide and several organic compounds which are responsible for the deterioration of the environment. In developing countries like India especially, increasing demand for private vehicles is outpacing the supply of transport infrastructure – including both road networks and public transit networks. The result is growing congestion and air pollution. The transport sector in India consumes about 16.9% fossil fuel based energy sources. The aim of this paper is to focus on the state wise emissions of variety of pollutants and asses the quality of air, using region specific mass emission factors for each type of vehicles.

Keywords- Transport, Quality of air, Industrialization, Development, Greenhouse gas (GHG)