Occurrence of Microorganisms in Treated Wastewater Effluent and Their Impact on the Surface and Groundwater Resources

Abstract

Microorganisms are typically present in all media and they pose a greater threat to environmental sources and general health. The most significant part that has been affected by microorganisms is water since it plays a major role in all vital bodily functions. A sufficient water supply is a basic need for humanity. Yet, many nations around the world do not have access to safe and potable water, and many people die because of waterborne pathogens. For this reason, the immediate actions that many countries have adopted are the construction of water and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) to reduce dangers related to these pathogens. Nevertheless, pathogens can escape when the processing of wastewater is not applied correctly. Therefore, pathogens can find their way into sludge, effluent, agricultural land, and ultimately water bodies. Considering all points mentioned above, this review briefly discusses the effects of microorganisms in water resources and displays dangers related to human health, and subsequently focuses on the survival and transport of microorganisms. Conventional and advanced processes for pathogen removal from wastewater are also discussed.

Keywords:Water resources, WWTPs, microorganisms, wastewater, effluents, human health, surviving, transport.

DOI: 10.7176/CER/14-5-02

Publication date:August 31^st 2022