Post Construction Failure Analysis of Road Pavements in Ghana.

Abstract

Premature road pavement failure occurs when it can no longer perform its traditional function of carrying vehicles and people from one location to another in safety and comfort before the anticipated design life.  Usually premature pavement failure of Ghana roads results in frequent road accidents with loss of life and properties, high transportation costs of goods and services, high maintenance costs of vehicles and increase in travel time. A classical example of pavement failure is the Koforidua BY –Pass Road where the design life was fifteen (15) years but it failed in less than six (6) months after being opened to vehicular traffic.

The objectives of this research were to investigate the causes leading to the early deterioration of the road pavement and recommend remedial approach to ameliorate the current situation.

Desk Study of contract documents, as built drawings, visual road condition survey, structured questionnaire, in situ field tests and laboratory tests were conducted.

The forensic studies revealed that the premature pavement failure were due to lack of geotechnical investigation, insufficient drainage system, poor construction methods, the inclusion of sub standard materials, inadequate quality control and quality assurance program

It was recommended that the design phase should provide adequate drainage system for the road way. Where poor to marginal construction material do not meet the specifications, it should be stabilized. Proper construction methods should be employed and also dedicated personnel are needed to monitor the QC/QA program.

Keywords: Premature, deterioration, remediation, quality control, subgrade.