DC Motor with Load Coupled by Gears Speed Control using Modified Ziegler-Nichols Based PID Tunings

Abstract

The used of DC motor in various applications has been increased due to the ease with which it speed can be controlled to give the desired performance characteristics under various condition. PID controllers are widely used in DC motor speed control due to its simple structure and robustness to the modeling error, however their effectiveness is often limited due to the poor selection (or tuning) of its parameters. To facilitate the determination of the appropriate values of the parameters of the PID controller for the control of DC motor at any set point therefore required using appropriate tuning method. This paper provides a better understanding of how PID controller is tuned using Ziegler-Nichols Step Response, Cohen-Coon Method and Chien–Hrones–Reswick (CHR) method. Experimental results of PID control of DC motor with load coupled by gear shows that CHR-PID tunings gives a much improved performance over Ziegler-Nichols Step Response and Cohen-Coon PID-tuning with settling time of 355sec., 112sec., and 111 sec . respectively at each set point

Keywords: DC motor, Ziegler-Nichols Step Response, Cohen-Coon method and CHR method