European Journal of Business and Management
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM
<p>The scopes of the European Journal of Business and Management (EJBM) include, but not limited to business, management, marketing, finance, economics, human resource management, strategies and decision science. The journal is published in both printed and online versions. The ambition of EJBM is to become a recognized top tier journal, acclaimed for redirecting international business research and management studies for defining new directions.</p><p>IISTE is a member of <a href="http://www.crossref.org/01company/17crossref_members.html">CrossRef</a>.</p><p><span>The DOI of the journal is: https://doi.org/10.7176/EJBM</span></p>The International Institute for Science, Technology and Education (IISTE)en-USEuropean Journal of Business and Management2222-1905Submission of an article implies that the work described has not been published previously (except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture or academic thesis), that it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere, that its publication is approved by all authors and tacitly or explicitly by the responsible authorities where the work was carried out, and that, if accepted, will not be published elsewhere in the same form, in English or in any other language, without the written consent of the Publisher. The Editors reserve the right to edit or otherwise alter all contributions, but authors will receive proofs for approval before publication. <br />Copyrights for articles published are retained by the authors, with first publication rights granted to the journal. The journal/publisher is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author's responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author.Journal coverpage
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/61997
Journal coverpageJournal Editor16Addressing Cybersecurity and Privacy Concerns in E-Learning: Evidence from Kuwaiti Educational Sector
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/61998
<p>This study explored cybersecurity and privacy concerns within e-learning in the Kuwaiti educational sector. This is done through adopting a mixed-methods approach that incorporates an online questionnaire and semi-structured interviews. Quantitative data from 384 participants indicated moderate to high cybersecurity and privacy concerns. In order to explore further about such concerns, qualitative data were collected from 16 interviewees and highlighted key issues such as lack of awareness, platform security deficiencies, privacy worries and regulatory needs. To address these concerns, the study proposed a comprehensive "Kuwaiti Educational Cybersecurity and Privacy Assurance Framework" (KECPAF) centred around cybersecurity education, platform security enhancement, clear policy development and robust enforcement. The research calls for collective effort among stakeholders and collaboration with cybersecurity experts to effectively implement the framework, adapt to evolving threats and improve the security of e-learning platforms in Kuwait's educational sector.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Kuwait, Education, e-learning, Cybersecurity, Privacy, Confidentiality, Framework.</p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-01</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Abdullah Feraih Alenezi16Japan’s Software Industry and Its International Competitiveness
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/61999
<p>Most Japanese software products are supplied to the domestic market, whereas few are supplied to the foreign market. Some authors discussed reasons why Japan’s software industry lacks international competitiveness. However, those studies do not explain why those reasons occur. This article shows several reasons of the lack of international competitiveness in the Japanese software industry. Then, we focus on the relationship of these reasons and analyze the relationship between the reasons. In addition, this study indicates that the multi-subcontracting system hampers the development of products for international competitiveness.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Japan’s software industry, International competitiveness, Multi-subcontracting system</p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-02</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Mita Takahashi16Influence of Mobile Banking Affordability on Personal Financial Savings in Dodoma City, Tanzania
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62000
<p>The study examined the influence of mobile banking affordability on personal financial savings in Dodoma City. The study employed a cross-sectional survey design and convenience sampling technique. Three hundred seventy (370) bank customers were surveyed through a self-administered questionnaire. The study adopted quantitative data analysis whereby descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression analysis were used. The findings revealed that that bank charge and transaction cost of mobile bank were negative and significantly related to personal financial savings. Similarly, the findings show that ease of access of mobile banking services was positive and significantly related to personal financial savings. Therefore, the study conclude that, affordability of mobile banking service in terms of ease of access influence positively personal financial savings while bank charge and transaction cost influence negatively personal financial savings. To enhance the affordability of mobile banking for personal financial savings, banks should focus on fee transparency and offer lower-cost account options to ensure accessibility and cost-effectiveness for all customers.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Mobile Banking, Affordability, Personal Financial Savings, Dodoma city, Tanzania</p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-03</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Richard MsackyColletha KazimiryVeronica Kundy16Opportunities for Financing in Agriculture - The Example of the Republic of North Macedonia
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62001
<p>To achieve sustained economic development of RNM should include agricultural development while reducing the differences in development of certain sectors of the economy. Since a long time pursued the search for a universal model of agriculture financing it is concluded that the creation of such a model is impossible. So, it takes a combination of several different models of funding that do not involve only funds from the agricultural budget, but also from foreign sources. Since there is no universal model provides an overview of agriculture financing from several sources such as loans from commercial banks, National and Regional funds, leasing, securities, concessions, public-private partnerships, joint ventures, donations and international funds. The above-mentioned ways of financing can be similar to each other but also different because each of them has its own characteristics, advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to harmonize all potential sources and make them available to farmers because each of them knows that the financing model suits them and whether they can borrow. Although RNM has its own policy for the development of agriculture, it obviously varies by periods of observation. Thus, the aim of the work is to show the importance of combining and harmonizing the different models of financing of agriculture of RNM as well as their implementation.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: A</strong>griculture, Financing, Agriculture budget, Funds, IPARD</p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-04</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Besnik XhezairiRisto StefanovskiNikolche Jankulovski16The Usefulness of Applying Product and Service Innovations Through Quality Systems in the Food Industry
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62002
<p>Standardization and certification of management systems are an important part of the organizational culture in the food industry, which in modern business conditions should be a culture of quality, because the management of management systems and their certification is an important prerequisite for business success, even business excellence. The only certified management systems are systems based on ISO standards and safety, but there are other methodologies in the concept of quality management and safety, which due to their complexity, efficiency and high level of organizational performance, are also considered specified management. systems. Businesses must continue to rapidly change environmental conditions and increase globalization and change in competition in today's world in order to maintain their existence and realize their visions. Economic theory has long recognized innovation as the most important driver of development and as the only sure recipe for overcoming the economic recessions of the food and global food industry. A country that wants to make a mark on the world market cannot achieve this without encouraging innovation in society. Innovation leads to the improvement of society and the economy, and an awareness of inventiveness can be raised by fostering entrepreneurship and technological innovation. The reason for every change in life should be sought in innovation. Innovation means the ability to transform existing ideas into useful inventions and products that will be used in the future.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> innovation, quality, standards, food industry and products and services.<strong></strong></p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-05</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Aneta SerdarovaRisto StefanovskiNikolche JankulovskiTatjana Nestorovska16Role of Regulatory Policies in the Relationship between Distribution Channel and Uptake of Life Assurance Products in Kisumu County, Kenya
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62003
<p>In Kenya, Life Assurance has a low penetration leading to overstretched support systems. The symptoms of low uptake of Life Assurance policies in Kenya are manifested in members of the Kenyan population resorting to informal ways of risk management especially in cases of premature deaths of household bread winners. This study's objective was to determine the role of Regulatory policies on the relationship between Distribution channel and Uptake of Life Assurance products in Kisumu County, Kenya. The study, which was anchored on the Human Life Value theory, adopted a Descriptive Survey technique and was quantitative in nature. The study used a sample of 537 respondents calculated using the Taro Yamane (1970) formula from a population of 6376 public primary school teachers in Kisumu County chosen using the stratified random selection approach. The collected data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. Hierarchical regression was used to establish the theorized causal linkages. The strength of the association between the independent and dependent variables was evaluated using Pearson correlation. The findings indicate that there is a significant relationship between Life Assurance products uptake and Distribution channel using Regulatory policies as the moderator. The study concludes that Regulatory policies have a positive and significant effect on the relationship between Distribution channel and uptake of Life Assurance products and recommends the need for stakeholders in the insurance industry to understand the importance of Distribution channel and Regulatory policies in the overall business strategy.</p> <p><strong>Keywords: </strong>Endowment, Term assurance, Referrals, Tax incentives, Policyholder protection<strong> </strong></p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-06</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Khisa Janepher Grace KodiaMidikira Churchill KibisuChristopher Ngacho16Technology Transfer Assistance to Enhance Knowledge Exchange and Technology Transfer between Small and Medium Enterprises and Higher Education Institutions in Nairobi Innovation Ecosystem in Kenya
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62004
<p><em>The program and survey was funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and Technical University of Kenya RISA Award No. 2023-015 and conducted under NACOSTI Permit No. NACOSTI/P/23/23979 of 23/February/2023.</em></p> <p><strong>Abstract </strong></p> <p>This survey was conducted as part of a project that seeks to develop a technology transfer assistance model that can effectively bridge the gap existing between technology sources like Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) and technology users like Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) and other firms operating in the Nairobi innovation ecosystem. The project team at the Technical University of Kenya (TUK) was one of the grantees in the Research and Innovation Systems for Africa (RISA) program for the year 2023 that was implemented between January, 2023 and December, 2023. The RISA program was funded by the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) that aims to strengthen research and innovation ecosystems in Africa. The study was anchored on the Theory of Change. The project commenced with a research phase which took place between January and March 2023, with a survey of 1200 SMEs operating within the targeted geographical region. This was followed by in-depth interviews with a cross section of stakeholders from higher education institutions, research institutes, and managers from funding organizations, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), and advocacy groups to obtain insights on technology development and transfer within the Nairobi innovation ecosystem. The findings of the study indicate a gap in the access and assimilation of new technologies by SMEs, driven by factors that have organizational, regulatory and institutional perspectives. The project team held three stakeholder engagement workshops to disseminate the findings of the survey, deliberated on challenges encountered on technology transfer and knowledge exchange between SMEs and HEIs. As part of capacity building at the Technical University of Kenya, the project team in the month of June 2023 conducted a four day Training of Trainers (TOTs) for forty faculty members on Research to Commercialization (R2C). The TUK faculty trained as TOTs facilitated in training three hundred SMEs who were invited to a six day capacity building training. The SME training covered introduction to innovation and entrepreneurship, business planning and strategy, communication and marketing, digitalization and new product development, business finance, and human resource management. The project team prepared a policy brief, and is championing the creation of a model regional technology hub at TUK, to host incubators, accelerators, crosscutting partnerships and collaborations using a quadruple approach strategy that involves four components of a functional innovation ecosystem; people, technology, capital, and infrastructure.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Knowledge exchange and technology transfer, higher education institutions, small and medium enterprises, Nairobi innovation ecosystem.</p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-07</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Evans Vidija SagwaPamela MrejiLevi Ng’ang’a. MbuguaAlfred Orina Isaac16The Financial Performance of the English Football Clubs
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62005
<p>This paper examines the financial performance of the football clubs that participated in the English Premier League in season 2021-22. The study covers the ten-year period spanning from season 2012-13 to season 2021-22, while correlation and panel data analysis is applied. Financial performance is measured as return on assets (ROA), return on equity (ROE), and profit margin. The explanatory variables used concern the size of the clubs, along with their liquidity, leverage, efficiency, cash flow efficiency and turnover per employee. Sporting data is used too. This data includes attendance rate, the number of wins, the uncertainty in the Premier League, the participation in the Premier League or not and the presence in UEFA’s European club competitions or not. The empirical results reveal a positive relation of financial performance with liquidity, efficiency, cash flow efficiency and revenue per employee. The opposite is the case for the relation of performance with leverage. From the sporting variables, the number of wins is positively related to ROA. The opposite relationship is found between ROA and uncertainty. Finally, the presence of the clubs in the Premier League is positively related to financial performance. The importance of our study rests with its significant policy implications for those involved in the administration of the English football clubs. In particular, professional managers should always be hired to run the business of the English football, rather than popular ex-footballers with poor academic records and entrepreneurship experience, which is not rare in the professional football in general. Moreover, the English football clubs have to acknowledge that a business model which creates constant losses may not be viable in the long run.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Financial Performance; Football Clubs; liquidity; leverage; efficiency<strong></strong></p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-08</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>January 31<sup>st</sup> 2024</p>Gerasimos G. Rompotis16Export of Higher Education Services in Mongolia
https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/62131
<p>Higher education institutions face numerous obstacles to attracting international students in today's globalized world. International trade in higher education services encourages economic growth and enhances the transfer of knowledge, potentially resulting in greater knowledge and expertise that can help countries remain competitive in a globalizing world. Higher education has become a major export for the economy; it generates a huge amount of money in both developing and developed countries. This article looks at recent advances in Mongolia's international higher education sector. It explains the reasons why foreign students come to study in the country, and we also try to examine the benefits and drawbacks of studying in Mongolia for foreign students. We conducted surveys with 200 foreign students from China, Russia, Inner Mongolia, Korea, and Japan. According to the results of the research, the main factors that contributed to the increase in the number of foreign students studying in Mongolia are the ease of obtaining a visa, the quality of the curriculum, the low requirements for admission to universities, the proximity to the home country, etc. In the future, policymakers and experts working in this field should focus on increasing scholarships, increasing the quality and accessibility of the educational environment in order to attract foreign students.</p> <p><strong><em>Keywords:</em></strong> Education export, Mongolia</p> <p><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7176/EJBM/16-1-09</p> <p><strong>Publication date: </strong>February 28th 2024</p>Enkhtuya SandagsurenZegiimaa ChoidonBudnyam Sanjaa16