Md. Nazmus Sadekin Toxoplasmosis and Its Current Status in Ethiopia: A Review

Abstract

Toxoplasmosis is one of most important worldwide zoonotic disease caused by the obligate intracellular, protozoan parasite known as Toxoplasma gondii. It is transmitted to humans by accidental ingestion of oocyst after cleaning an infected cat's litter box, accidental ingestion of oocyst with water and consumption of raw meat containing cyst causing fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy, pulmonary and multivisceral abnormality and encephalitis. The aim of this systemic review is to make a comprehensive document on prevalence and current status of toxoplasmosis in Ethiopia. Cats are definitive host for Toxoplasmosis but cattle, sheep and goat, poultary, pig and camel are reservior host and facilitate the transmission of this disease to human. Toxoplasmosis common in Ethiopia and high prevalence is reported yet routine studies are needed to now accurate prevalence. Therefore, more studies in different geographical areas should be performed to design and implement appropriate intervention measures.

Keywords: Toxoplasma, Toxoplasma gondii, obligate intracellular