Evaluation of the Side Effects of Cisplatin Drug in a Nephrotoxicity Model of Wistar Rats

Abstract

This study critically assessed the observable side effects of cisplatin (anti-tumor) drug in a Portulaca oleracea treated nephrotoxicized wistar rats. Twenty four albino female rats were grouped into four-groups A, B, C, & D. Group A served as the control group; group C and D were all nephrotoxicized using 2ml/kg cisplatin and treated with 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg doses of Portulaca oleracea methanolic extract respectively. Group B were nephrotoxicized but remained untreated. Significant Increase in serum creatinine (P<0.05) in group B rats showed presence of nephrotoxicity and results further showed recovery (significant decrease at P<0.05) in serum creatinine level of groups C &D rats due to the administration of portulaca oleracea. Physically observable features were examined in the rats at the 4^th & 7^th day of drug administration which showed the presence of side effects (ototoxicity, loss of appetite, black stool, dizziness, fever, etc) which were seen to be increasing with prolonged administration. This research posits seemingly untreatable side effect of cisplatin chemotherapy which increases with increased chemotherapy duration and decreased side effects in the combination of portulaca oleracea in cisplatin chemotherapy.

Keywords: chemotherapy, cisplatin and nephrotoxicity.