Effect of Broccoli Flower Extract (Brassica oleracea L. var.italica Plenck) on Inhibition of Photoaging Viewed from Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Expression in Human Skin Fibroblast

Abstract

Objective : Ultraviolet  irradiation is the major external factors that cause skin photoaging. Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation induces the production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) by activating cellular signaling transduction pathways, which are responsible for the degradation  of collagen. The imbalance between collagen degradation and synthesis play a major role in the formation of wrinkle of photoaging. Broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica Plenck) is  a crucciferae group vegetables which has a great amount of antioxidant.

The aim of this study is to prove whether broccoli flower extract (BFE) as an effective antiphotoaging agent by a MMP-1 inhibitor action in vitro. Methods : An experimental (in vitro) study had been conducted using UVB irradiated primary human skin fibroblast culture. We studied the MMP-1 inhibitory effects of BFE on photoaging. The quantification of  MMP-1 mRNA expression was done by Realtime RT-PCR while the protein expression assay was done by ELISA. Results : Pretreatment with BFE decrease MMP-1 expression both at  MMP-1 mRNA and MMP-1 protein expression. There were significant differences of mean value of  MMP-1 mRNA and MMP-1 protein expression between every group based on irradiation dose (p<0.05) and BFE concentration  (p<0.05). There were also interaction between irradiation dose and BFE concentration (p<0.05). We found there were negative correlation between BFE concentration and either MMP-1 mRNA or protein expression. There was positive correlation between MMP-1 at mRNA level with protein level. Conclusion : BFE prevents UVB-induced MMP-1 expression both at mRNA and protein level, therefore BFE might be used as a potential agent for skin photoaging.

Keywords : broccoli flower extract, photoaging, matrix metalloproteinase-1, human  skin fibroblast