Gene Polymorphism of Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in a Sample of Iraqi Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

Khulood K. Hasan, Ali H. Ad’hiah, Hala K. Alsamray, Ahmed Asmar

Abstract


The study aimed to investigate the association between tumor necrosis factor (TNF gene) alleles and pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in a sample of Iraqi patients, in which a total of 94 patients were investigated, in addition to 80 age, gender and ethnicity matched controls. All subjects were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction with sequence specific primers (SSP-PCR) method at two positions of TNF gene; -308 and -238 (TNF-308 and TNF-238), which were presented with three genotypes (GG, GA and AA) at both positions. At position -308, a significant (P = 6.9 x 10-5) decreased frequency of GG genotype was observed in PTB patients compared to controls (60.6 vs. 87.5%), and the preventive fraction of such difference was 0.68. In contrast, the genotype GA was significantly (P = 1.3 x 10-4) increased in patients (38.2 vs. 12.5%), and the associated relative risk and etiological fraction were 4.34 and 0.30, respectively. The corresponding TNF-308 alleles (G and A) also showed variations between patients and controls. Allele G was decreased (79.8 vs. 93.8%), while C allele was increased (20.2 vs. 6.2%) in patients, and both differences were significant at a P of 1.5 x 10-4. However, at position -238, neither TNF-238 genotypes nor alleles demonstrated a significant difference between patients and controls. The present results suggest that the GG genotype and G allele of TNF gene at position -306 may be associated with a protection against PTB in Iraqi population.

Keywords: Tumor necrosis factor; Gene polymorphism, PCR; Pulmonary tuberculosis.


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ISSN (Paper)2224-3208 ISSN (Online)2225-093X

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