Genotype X Environment Interaction and Yield Stabliity of Breade Wheat (Triticum Eastivum L.) Genotype in Ethiopia using the Ammi Analisis

Abstract

The G x E interaction makes it difficult to select the best performing as well as the most stable genotypes and so its efficient interpretation is important issue in plant improvement in Ethiopia. The study cried out with objectives of to estimate the effect of genotype x environment interaction on the grain yield and stability and estimate magnitude of Genotype x Environment interaction of bread wheat genotypes in   Ethiopia. Thirty Bread wheat genotypes were evaluated by Alpha lattice design using three replications at eight locations in Ethiopia during 2014/2015 cropping season. The genotypes performed best at Asassa with mean grain yield of 5.71 tons/ha. Most genotypes had however, low yield at Holleta with mean gain yield of 3.05tons/ha. AMMI analysis for the additive main effect and multiplicative interaction effect revealed significant difference for genotype, testing location and genotype by testing location interaction. The first interaction principal component (IPCA 1) captured the most of interaction 39.56% and the second interaction principal component explains additional 27%. Totally the tow interaction principal component captured 66.56% of the genotype by location interaction. According to ASV Genotype ETBW8515 (20) and ETBW8513 (16) were high yielding and stable. Using AMMI analysis Asassa (As), Debre Tabor (D), Segure (Se), Adet (Ad) and Bekoji (Be) testing locations were favorable locations while testing location Holetta (Ho), Kulumsa (Ku) and Areka (Ar) were unfavorable.

Keywords: AMMI, ASV, Genotype x Environment Interaction.