Chemical Analysis and Biological Activities of Salvia lavandulifolia Vahl. Essential Oil

Abstract

Genus Salvia is one of important genera belonging to family lamiaceae. Most of reported biological activities of Salvia usually attributed to its volatile oil. The chemical composition of essential oil from Salvia lavandulifolia was analyzed by GC/MS. A total of sixty seven components were identified in the oil of S. lavandulifolia representing 95.78% of the total oil. β-caryophyllene (11.87%), spathulenol (8.13%), neomenthol (7.75%), pulegone (6.97%), hexadecanoic acid (6.85%), germacrene-D (5.70%), bicyclogermacrene (4.53%), caryophyllene oxide (3.97%) and humulene (3.29%) were found to be the major constituents. The oil showed no antimicrobial and antileishmanial activities in a concentration up to 200 and20 µg/mL, respectively. It displayed a weak antimalarial activity (47 % inhibition) against P. flaciparium.The oil exhibited anti-inflammatory activity adopting iNOS inhibition assay with IC₅₀of 30 µg/mL, but there is no cytotoxicity demonstrated by the oil at tested concentration of 100 µg/mL.

Keywords: S. lavandulifolia, essential oil, antimalaria, antimicrobial, antiinflammtory, anticancer.