Genetic Variations and Kinship of Coconut Padma (Cocos nucifera, L. 'Padma') in Bali Based on Microsatellite DNA Marker

Abstract

The Padma coconut is unique coconut that characterised by six sulci on epicarpium. There are four trees were found only at Ngis village in Manggis distric, Karangasem Regency, Bali Province. The research were conducted to chracterised genetics variation and relationship between padma coconut and other coconuts based on DNA microsatellites markers. Samples were collected from 10 trees from Ngis village (Padma, coklat, hijau biasa, hijau steril, bulan, mulung and kapas coconut). Result showed that genetic diversity was accessed by investigating 10 simple squence repeat (SSR) loci, this provided a total of 53 alleles, 25 alelles 1-5 allel on Padma coconut and 38 ranging from 2-7 alleles per locus on the others coconut. Four of 10 loci are monomorphyc (CNZ01, CNZ51, CnCirC3 and WCYZ8635). The mean Polymorphism Information Contents (PIC) ± 0.7035. The mean values of heterozigosity expected (He) and observed heterozigosity (Ho) were 0.461 ± 0.186 and 0.325, respectevely. The trees grouped into three clusters in the dendogram. Cluster 1 consisted of four trees padma coconut. Cluster 2 consisted of three trees (coklat, hijau biasa, and hijau steril coconut). Cluster 3 consisted of three trees (bulan, mulung and kapas coconut).

Keywords: Padma Coconut (Cocos nucifera, L. ’Padma’), DNA microsatellite, SSR, Heterozigosity, locus