Genetic Variability, Heritability and Genetic advance of Growth and Yield Components of Garlic (Allium sativm L.) Germplasms

Abstract

Thirty six garlic genotypes were evaluated at Debre Markos University College of Agriculture and Natural Resources research field during 2015 for seven quantitative traits to estimate the nature and magnitude of variability for yield and yield related characters with the help of genetic parameters. The experiment was arranged in simple lattice design with two replications. The analysis of variance revealed that there were highly significant (p<0.01) differences among the germplasms for most of the characters. The higher phenotypic variance (490.4) was obtained from total bulb yield and clove number (115.3). Plant height (19.81), Clove number (55.83), and Total bulb yield (290) had larger genotypic variance. High genotypic coefficient of variation (31.69%) was recorded from clove weight, clove number (23.1%), bulb weight (28.86%) and total bulb yield (28.87%).  The lowest GCV was recorded from leaf number (5.71%). Medium heritability estimates ranging from (22.82 %) to (59.16 %). Among the yield characters, medium heritability was recorded by Plant height (31.5%), leaf length (43.85%), and clove weight (49.87%) clove number (48.4%), Bulb weight (59.16) and Total bulb yield (59.13). There is positive correlation of yield and yield related parameters. Generally, the present study indicated that the presence of the presence of diversity between germplasms to exploit the genetic improvement of the garlic crop through hybridization and simple selection methods.

Keywords: Heritability, GCV, PCV, Genetic advance;