Study the relationship between adiponectin with thyroid hormones and cortisol in Type 2 diabetic patients (NIDDM)

Abstract

Thyroid hormones has profound effects of lipid metabolism and carbohydrate homeostasis . Abnormalities in serum lipids and lipoproteins are frequent findings in thyroid dysfunction, mainly in hypothyroidism. Impaired glucose tolerance and insulin resistance have been documented in patients with thyroid dysfunction. In addition, thyroid hormones are remarkable regulators of energy metabolism, being the adipose tissue the largest fuel storage compartment . Furthermore, thyroid hormones share some physiological actions with adiponectin, such as reduction of body fat by increasing thermogenesis and lipid oxidation .However, a few number of studies have found low adiponectin levels in hypothyroid subjects (Díez and Iglesias, 2009). Cortisol excess in man is characterized by abdominal obesity, hypertension, glucose intolerance or diabetes and dyslipidemia. All these features share a state of insulin resistance , and contribute to high cardiovascular risk typical of this condition. Glucocorticoids negatively regulate adiponectin mRNA in human visceral adipose tissue. Cortisol counteracts the action of insulin at multiple sites, and increases hepatic gluconeogenetic efficiency (Fallo et al.,2004). Study the relationship between adiponectin with thyroid hormones and cortisol for both gender and for both control and diabetic groups also in diabetic patients according to duration of disease. This study was conducted between November 2010- November 2012 and, it was carried out at the diabetic Centre / Merjan Teaching Hospital in Babel Province by taking 120 diabetic patients(Type II DM) (60 male and 60 female) with disease duration (0-5),(>5-10 )and (>10 )years ,with age average (30-65 year)and most of them were on oral hypoglycemic drugs. While the study included 40 people apparently healthy that included 20 male and 20 female with age average (30-65 year) .About five milliliters of venous blood were collected from each subject in the study. The blood was separated by centrifugation at (3000 rpm) for 15 min. The sera were stored frozen at (-20 ºC) until hormonal assayed. Correlation analysis showed an inverse correlation between adiponectin and cortisol in female diabetic patients, while in male diabetic patients there was positive correlation between adiponectin and T4 was found. The correlation of TSH and T3 with adiponectin appears no significant correlation for both groups and for both males and females. The study revealed positive correlation between adiponectin and T4 in second and third duration in male diabetic patients , while an inverse correlation between adiponectin and TSH in male  diabetic patients in first duration. In female diabetic patients an inverse correlation between adiponectin and T3 in second duration,also found between adiponectin with cortisol in third duration of female diabetic patients. Correlation analysis showed an inverse correlation between adiponectin and cortisol in female diabetic patients, while positive correlation between adiponectin and T4 was found in male diabetic patients. This study show that Type 2 diabetic patients in first duration(0-5 year) an inverse correlation between adiponectin and TSH in male diabetic patients. In second duration(>5-10 year)an inverse correlation between adiponectin and T3 in female diabetic patients. In third duration(>10 year) an inverse correlation between adiponectin with cortisol  of female diabetic patients, while positive correlation between adiponectin and T4 in second and third duration of male diabetic patients.