Vital Fungal Resistance Gene of Tomato: Identified Genes in the Wild Source of Tomato

Abstract

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) is the second most important and consumable vegetable crop after potato in the world. Though tomato is very important consumable vegetable and a model plant for genetic studies, its quality, and yield have been immensely declined by different biotic and abiotic factors and among the biotic factors fungal disease are the most devastating, could cause 100% yield loss in sever condition. Major fungal diseases of tomato posing a threat in tomato production are late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans, early blight caused by Alternaria solanii, septoria leaf spot caused by Septoria lycopersici, fusarium wilt Fusarium oxysporium fsp. Oxysporium and verticilium wilt caused by Verticilium dahlea. Other fungal diseases of tomato include powdery mildew caused by Oidium lycopersicum and leaf mold caused by Cladosporium fulvum. To overcome this using resistance gene from the wild source is fundamental and the aim of this review was to appraise and discuss the major identified fungal resistance genes of tomato. There are 16 wild relatives of the cultivated tomato which are reach id different disease resistance genes and currently, among approximately 35,000 encoding genes of tomato twenty two genes have been reported that they are fungal resistance genes which are found in almost all chromosomes except chromosome two and five with available molecular markers. Using this as an opportunity and use different conventional and molecular techniques for gene pyramiding is indispensable.

Keywords: Solanum lycopersicum ,wild source, major fungal diseases, identified resistance genes, chromosome of the gene, pyramiding

DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/9-17-05

Publication date:September 30^th 2019