Application of Geo-Information Techniques in Mapping the Spatial Incidence of Malaria in Calabar South Local Government Area, Cross River State, Nigeria.

Abstract

This study applied geo-information technique in mapping the incidence of malaria in Calabar South Local Government Area of Nigeria. Consequently, the research identified the potential breeding environment of mosquitoes, establishing a relationship between residential distance, frequency of malaria incidence and the breeding location of the vector by creating a malaria risk map. The Global Positioning System (GPS) was used in collecting readings for location and other environmental variables, while an open-ended questionnaire was used in collecting data and information, aimed at achieving other study objectives. A total of 300 copies of the questionnaire were distributed, through stratified and simple random sampling technique. Arc GIS 9.3 software was used in analyzing geo-information parameters, The result of the study indicated that the closer the distance to the identified breeding point, the higher the incidence of malaria and the farther the distance, the less the incidence level of malaria . Hence, there is a relationship between distance from mosquito breeding points and malaria incidence in the study area. Thus, this has resulted in observed high level of malaria incidences among residents living in close proximity to breeding points. Due to the high incidence, there is invariably higher loss in occupational man –hour, as well as death toll, especially among infants from the malaria disease. It is recommended that more researches should be sponsored in with the aim of further finding more effective solutions.

Keywords :Geo-Information, Malaria, Incidence, Breeding Point,