Molecular Exploration of Biomarkers as Early Warning System of Aquatic Pollution

Abstract

LAS exposure to potentially cause pollution in aquatic environments. LAS Content in the waters, harmful to aquatic organisms and humans. Biomarkers required as "early warning" of pollution on aquatic biomonitoring program. Biomarkers can provide a picture of the effect of changes in environmental quality. The response to the stress caused by LAS is used as a biomarker of pollution and is expected to provide an overview effect on humans in the future.

This study analyzes the differences in molecular changes in the hepatocyte Cyprinus carpio L were exposed to various concentrations of LAS. LAS as stressors created by the concentration of 0.01, 0.02; 0.03; 0.04; 0.05 mg / l with a long exposure of 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours, 96 hours, and 8 days. Biomarker expression in hepatocyte observed using immunohistochemical methods. The results obtained were analyzed statistically using the 2-way MANOVA.

The results showed a significant level of p = 0.0005 on HSP70 protein expression, iNOS, p38 MAPK, and CYP 1A compared to the control group. Increased concentrations of LAS and the duration of exposure resulted in increased number expressing hepatocyte biomarker with a significant level (p = 0.0005). The conclusion of this study is that the expression of HSP70, iNOS, p38 MAPK, and CYP 1A can be used as a biomarker of pollution in aquatic environments LAS.

Keywords: Aquatic,  biomarkers, early warning system, molecular, pollution.