Bridging the Gap between Rural Water Supply and Demand using Harvestable Rainwater: A Case Study of Adansi-Fumso

Abstract

Rainwater harvesting has several benefits including providing a valuable alternative source of water for households, reduction in flood flow to storm drains and settlement erosion as well as health benefits. The research aimed at assessing and confirming the available renewal water sources, determining the cost of developing a rainwater harvesting system and assessing the potential of rainwater as a supplement to water supply at Fumso. Using a systematic random sampling technique and a sample size of 100 respondents, it was discovered that rainwater harvesting in Adansi Fumso has the potential to conserve on-site potable water use, protect water quality and reduce the risk of flooding within the community. Rainwater was preferred by the community due to its easy accessibility, nature (clean, pure, healthier and tastier), cost and quality. An examination of the rainfall records at AngloGold Ashanti weather station at Obuasi revealed an average annual rainfall of 1449.2 mm with the drier months (November, December, January and February) receiving only a quarter of the average monthly rainfall. The relatively high rainfall means that rainwater harvesting system designs need to be taken as a priority in addressing the water shortage situation in the community. Geometrically uniform building shapes and the local hydrology can provide sufficient rainwater to serve buildings in the community. The cost of the proposed rainwater harvesting system is GH ¢ 389.00 ($256.00). Reasons have been given for the need for this project and recommendations made for its implementation at Adansi Fumso as the best alternative source of water to the fewer boreholes in the community.