A Research Review on Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus Disease Complex

Abstract

Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus (TBSV) was firstly reported on tomatoes by Smith in 1935 in England. The virus belongs to genus Tombusvirus and family Tombusviridae, is a soil-borne virus with isometric particle about 30 nm in diameter. Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus can cause chlorosis, necrosis, stunting, leaf yellowing, leaf mottling, leaf crinkling and fruit setting may be reduced or become zero. These symptoms were depending upon the host morphology. Transmission of this virus is naturally through infected seeds, propagative material and manually by the use of infective cutting tools. A numbers of varieties were affected. But it’s also observed that Lycopersicon pimpinellifolium not susceptible host plant. Gel Electropherotic analysis shows that virus distantly related serologically with several other viral species in the genus Tombusvirus. In phosphotungstic acid, the particles show an angular outline and unresolved surface structure but when mounted in uranyl acetate, they exhibit a rounded outline and somewhat knobby surface and edges. The viral genome is monopartite and TBSV-Ch has been completely sequenced and shown to contain 4,776 nucleotides. The protein shell is constructed by 180 subunits, each subunit contain Mr 41,000 and made icosahedral surface lattice. These subunits show a dimeric clustering on the surface of particles, which give rise to 90 morphological units. These were located on the two-fold axes of the lattice. Each coat protein subunit contains 387 amino acid residues and has four regions.

Keywords: Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, Genus Tombusvirus, Family Tombusviridae, Monopartite, Genome analysis of TBSV.