Stress Reducing Substance of Ageratum conyzoides and Its Application to Koi Carp (Cyprinus carpio) Transportation

Abstract

The aim of the research is to determine the potential of essential oils from the Ageratum conyzoides leaves as a stress reducing substances that can be used in the transportation of koi fish. The research consists of several stages, that is (1) extraction of A. conyzoides leaves to obtain the essential oil chemical composition analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis as well as essential oil solubility in water, (2) biological activity assay of essential oil from A. conyzoides leaves to koi fish, and (3) biological activity assay of essential  from A. conyzoides leaves as a stress reducing substances at different concentrations of the stress response (tachiventilation, blood glucose levels, levels of plasma cortisol, levels of Na⁺ and Cl^- in blood plasma). The A. conyzoides leaves has a chemical composition of chromen, terpenes, coumarin and phenol. The 24 h LC₅₀ and safe concentration values are 34.047 and 10 ppm, respectively. The next results of the study showed that the concentration of essential oils given (5 and 10 ppm) and time of observation (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 hours and 1 hour after transportation) influence on the measured stress response. Results of the analysis also showed that there is an interaction between a given concentration, time of observation and mortality. Interestingly, based on the analysis of the MARS program were obtained the equations Y = 15.538 + 29.415 * BF1 - 12.163 * BF3 - 4.859 * BF4. The A. conyzoides leaves essential oils have chemical components that work on the central nervous of fish to affect the response of primary, secondary and tertiary from fish.

Keywords: transportation of koi fish, stress reducing substances, Ageratum conyzoides