Isolation and Characterization of Lignin from Iraqi Date Palm Phoenix Dactylifera L. Frond Bases as a Good and Cheap Source of Lignin

Abstract

This study aimed to find analytical data base for Iraqi phoenix date palm pruning woods. Lignin has been extracted for five types of Iraqi date palm using Klason lignin method. Weight of extracted lignin ranged from (0.341 g – 0.56 g), and lignin % ranged from (17.1– 28.2). (Waxes, oils, resin, and proteins of wood gums) % ranged from (23.5– 32.6). FT– IR Characterization showed that the (-OH) phenolic dis appear in all studied lignin samples, except Sukkari lignin showed weak intensity peak. The (4-O-5 inter monomeric lignin linkage) showed strong intensity peaks for Bream and Saif, samples, moderate intensity for Saada, and weak intensity peaks for Sukkari and Makawi. Also aromatic rings (?-1, ?-?, 5-5, and ?-5 inter monomeric lignin linkage) showed strong intensity peaks for all studied samples. UV – Vis. Characterization showed that the lowest absorption maximum (261 nm) corresponds to Saada lignin sample, While the highest absorption maximum (288 nm) corresponds to Bream lignin sample.

Keywords: Iraqi Date, Phoenix dactylifera L., frond bases, lignin, Isolation and characterization.