Evaluation the Oxidative Stress in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (Type I and Type II) and Study Genetic Level of Glutathione-S-transferase mu 1.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a group of metabolic diseases. Hyperglycemia in diabetes creates free radicals .These free radicals produce oxidative stress and thus debilitate the endogenous antioxidant defense system. The present study was conducted in (75) diabetic patients, (25) of them were treated with insulin, other (25) were using insulin and metformin and the last (25) were on metformin and glibinclimide .The study also included (25) apparently healthy subjects were taken as control group. These groups were collected from Merjan Teaching Hospital from November 2013 to April 2014. Bothe the (insulin & metformin) and (metformin & glibinclimide groups)groups were highly significant decrease in the total antioxidant when compared with control group ( p ≤0.01)  and no significant difference between them also the results showed insulin group was significant decrease against control (p value = 0.036) . LSD test shows there was no significant difference in glutathione S-transferase activity in three treated groups (p ≥ 0.05). In the gene level of the study, genotyping of glutathione S-transferase mu 1gene by PCR were defined as GSTM1 and GSTM0 or deletion association to the present and absences of the guanine nucleotide in the gene sequence. There was statistically difference in the genotyping distribution and the frequency of   GSTM0 among study groups were 44% for insulin and metformin group, 68% for metformin and glibinclimide, 44% insulin and 28% for control healthy group. Conclusions raised from the present study involve that diabetes mellitus association with decrease total anti-oxidant capacity. Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase mu 1gene may be considered as risk factor for both types of diabetes mellitus.