Experimental Sciences and Endosymbiosis Hypothesis: Solving a Paradox

Abstract

Endosymbiosis Hypothesis is being included by most scientific books to elucidate the origin of the respiration organelle, mitochondria and the photosynthetic chloroplasts. In spite of some similarities between prokaryotes and cell organelles it still contradicts with major scientific subjects in Genetics, Molecular genetics and Experimental Biology. In this article, major criticism is directed toward gene transfer scenario and its relation with gene expression regulation, however, different aspects and subjects have been tackled and elucidated like; impact of differences in genetic code, prey- predator relationship, the reality of mitochondria and chloroplasts - double membrane envelope, the resemblance between organelles (mitochondria and chloroplasts) and bacteria in replication (binary fission) and chromosome structure, how Endosymbiosis scenario differs from natural gene transfer phenomena and the importance of signal peptide sequences in directing proteins toward organelles.

Key words: Endosymbiosis, evolution of mitochondria and chloroplasts, origin of cell organelles.