A Review on Gene Expression Studies using Microarray

Abstract

The aim of this review such technologies allow the analysis of different constituents namely the transcripts, proteins and metabolites of the cell that help to deduce gene function.  Microarray is one of the technologies permitting simultaneous interrogation of complex nucleic acid mixtures. The genome-wide examination of gene expression with this technology has provided transcript profiles of numerous biological samples for studying population variations, genotype-phenotype relationships, knock-out pools, whole genome genetic foot printing, and genome mismatch scanning.  The information obtained by coupling of a microarray expression database and data analysis and viewing tools can serve as a foundation for proposing hypotheses and performing dedicated research. DNA microarray will substantially increase the speed at which differential gene expression can be analyzed and gene functions are elucidated. DNA microarray technology, however, limits expression studies to the mRNA level. Biological processes regulated at RNA degradation, protein synthesis, protein degradation or protein modification will be inert to the microarray approach. Ideally, it should be accompanied by analyses at the protein level.

Keyword: Microarray, cDNA, mRNA, genotype-phenotype relationships