Phytochemical Screening and In-Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Acacia Brevispica Leave Extract Collected around Haramaya Wereda

Abstract

Medicinal plants play an important role in the discovery of novel drugs used in modern medicine. The Acacia Brevispica leaves as medicinal plant possesses the wide range of medicinal properties.  This study was to determine leaves have any antimicrobial activity and also to check whether their phytochemical constituents responsible for those activities. The leaves of Acacia Brevispica were extracted successively with petroleum ether, chloroform and ethanol. Accordingly, a crude yield of 0.38% from petroleum ether, 0.437% from chloroform and 8.5% (w/w) from ethanol were extracted. The phytochemical analysis showed the presence of steroids and anthraquinones in all ethanol, chloroform and petroleum ether extract. flavonoids and phenol in ethanol extract, alkaloid in chloroform, terpenoids in petroleum ether and carbohydrates in ether extracts. The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was determined by agar diffusion method. The ethanol extract showed more significant activity against Escherchia (6.42±0.13) and salmonella typhus (5.33±0.07) coli as compared to chloroform extract (Escherchia coli, 6.37±0.08 and Salmonella typhus, 5.26±0.08). The results indicated that Acacia brevispica could be used as a source of antimicrobial agents to treat diseases.

Keywords: Acacia brevispica, phytochemicals, antimicrobial activity, secondary metabolities, medicinal plants

DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/13-5-03

Publication date:March 31^st 2022