Time Poverty among Students of Jigjiga University

Abstract

Jigjiga University students allocate their limited resource of time in to four classifications: contracted, committed, necessary and free time, from this majority of time was allocated to necessary time, though time has poverty. There is gender wise disparity, for male largest proportion was to contracted time while necessary time for female. 4:40 hrs/day was taken as threshold from average of their free time. Using this poverty line, measurement of time poverty were undertaken using headcount index and found that 53.87% of students are time poor. Time poverty can be determined by study time, time for religion, gender and years of enrollement.For such analysis, as time poverty is binary variable, probit model were suited. And after passing the necessary statistical, econometrical procedure and using STATA 10, the likelihood of time poverty would increase as study time and time for religion increase, significantly. But surprisingly as for female the probability to be time poor are inversely related. Those who are time poor are those who allocate their time for study (on/off class) ceteris paribus therefore time poor student have sound academic performance (CGPA). And also academic performance measures quality of education. CGPA affected by study time but study time is endogenous variable. To avoid such violation of OLS assumption we used recursive regression model. Using this regression both CGPA and study time were treated as dependent variable individually. Therefore the result of the regression indicates CGPA determined by study time, which is for every additional hour for study time CGPA increase by 0.064 points. When we went to the regression on factors that affect study time we found that, Grade 12 result of SAT positively affects study time. Surprising! Also times for internet (particularly Facebook) affect study time negatively, that is for each hour of time for Facebook students decline their study time by one third hour. And there are other factors significant to dependent variables.

Keywords: time poverty, Jigjiga University students, probit model, recursive regression