Effect of Temperature and Water Stress on the Flower and Fruit in Fruit Trees

Abstract

In the century we live, the change of the world climate with global warming and the misuse of agricultural areas increase the different stresses of plants facing. The stress that most plants are exposed to today and which will be seen more in the future with global warming is drought stress. Fruit trees are affected not only by the morphological structure but also from the ecological conditions of the previous year. Water stress causes decrease of flower bud formation, flower casting, diminishment of fruit size, decrease of aroma, change of sugar amount, formation of double fruit, decrease of oil amount, increase of peel thickness in fruit trees. While high temperatures reduce the receptive period of female organs, cause defective flower, decline fruit nouasion, cause double fruit formation and breakage of seeds, low temperatures reduce pollen growth and pollination, freeze flowers and fruits, decrease aroma in fruits and fruit color. In this review, information will be given on how to affect bloom and fruit development in fruit trees under high temperature, low temperature and water stress.

Key Words: Stress, Bloom, Fruit, Water, Temperature