HIV and AIDs Stigma and its Influence on Coping Mechanisms: A Case of People Living with HIV and AIDS within a Rural Set up in Maragua District, Kenya

Abstract

This paper explores how HIV and AIDs stigma is experienced in rural communities and the mechanisms exercised to cope with it. The research explores the experiences of HIV positive persons within the communities they live in, focusing on the influence of socio economic factors on HIV stigma, ways of coping with the stigma and influence of stigma on coping mechanisms embraced by HIV positive persons. The research interviewed 60 persons living with HIV and AIDS enrolled in support groups in Maragua district in Central Kenya. Ten key informants including nurses, clinicians, professional social workers, and counselors were purposively selected from within the health care facilities HIV and AIDS in the area. Raw data was collected through face to face interviews with the 60 respondents using questionnaires that contained open and close ended questions while an interview guide was used on the key informants. The data was analyzed by the use of statistical package for social scientists (SPSS). The study found that HIV and Aids stigma impact negatively on the health seeking behavior among the HIV positive, and also on their social, political and economic advancement. The study also found that in spite of stigma being complex it is also dynamic in the sense that as people learn more about HIV and AIDS their attitudes change. The paper recommends concerted efforts from key players including people living with HIV and AIDS, the government, local leaders, community and health care providers to ensure raising HIV and AIDS awareness levels and prevention care.

Keywords: HIV and AIDS Stigma, Coping Mechanisms, HIV and AIDS Management, Rural Areas, Murang’a -Kenya