The Study of Degdradation Cable Isolation of PVC (Polyvinil Chloride) : A Comparison of Isolation Cable Between Short Circut and Open Flame

Abstract

Research about The study of degdradation cable isolation of PVC (Polyvinil Chloride) : A comparison of isolation cable between short circut and open flame was carried out. The purposes of this research are i) to know degradation process of cable isolation from melting to be short circut occurring and ii) to know comparison of fire cable due to overload or open flame. This research is experimental laboratory whereas cable “NYA” size 1x1.5mm used as sample. Subsequently, samples are divided as: i) normal sample (without electric current) (as well as reference); (ii) samples were flowed by using  Electrical current 16, 25 dan 35 Ampere, respectively; iii) Sample was flowed by using electrical current until short circuts occurred,  and  iv) Sample was burned  by open flame. All samples were characterized with FTIR, SEM-EDS and XRD, respectively. The results showed that: i) FTIR Data. FTIR Spectra of short cable significantly changing compared to normal cable isolation. It means, flowing electric current to the cable caused temperature of cable will be increased, it may initiated oxidation occurred at functional group of esther which was existed in cable isolation;  ii) SEM EDS Data.  Supply of electron into cable caused overheating at cable, whereas degradation process for cable isolation occurred. The continuity of degradation will result pyrolisis (carbonization) at surface of isolation. Therefore SEM image proved that increasing of electron supply at degradation process  will be accelerating pyrolisis process; and iii) XRD Data. Increasing current electric will be increasing intensity of carbon (number of carbon atoms increased) and decreasing intensity the number of oxygen atoms (number of oxygen atoms increased). All of data indicated when open flame happened at cables so the number of oxygen will be increased, whereas carbon has been burned. Based on all data concluded whereas degradation process of isolation cable by giving overload of electrical current it clearly showed that significantly differences with cable isolation   of open flame. It may be concluded that the burning cable isolation of open flame was caused by degradation functional group. On the other side cable of open flame, the number of carbon will be decreased.

Keywords: analysis, cable, PVC isolator, and degradation.