Economic Potential of Irrigated Improved Citrus Seedlings in Nigeria

Abstract

Sourcing of viable seeds from quality rootstocks had been the major constraints in profitable citrus seedling production in Nigeria. 250,000 rootstock seeds extracted from 17,500kg of rough lemon fruits, treated with benlate were planted on the field in February, 2014 with adequate watering for optimum germination. Surface irrigation system using indigenous pipes connected to 100m³ reservoir was adopted for water supply thrice weekly. The three month old seedlings were transplanted into the main nursery in May, 2014 at 30 cm by 30 cm spacing. Budding activities  using satsuma, sweet orange and tangelo budwoods were carried out  three months after transplanting, having attained a pencil size in July, 2014. Bud takes were evaluated six weeks after budding and found to have achieved more than 65% success, thereby confirming   rootstock / budwood compatibility with minimal deformation at the points of union.  Economic analysis and total energy consumption of the processes were determined.  Results indicated that 21,667kg of seedlings were produced at a value price of  $2.29/seedling,  gross value of production at $49505. 71; total cost of production at $7499. 13; Net Return of $82506. 66 in 5yr period and internal rate of returns (IRR) > 70%.  Energy use efficiency was 1.96; energy specific, 1.56; energy productivity, 0.64; net energy gain, 8630.51 with corresponding water and energy productivity of 0.51. Non-renewable energy constitutes more than 49% of the total energy input.  Overall result showed that improved irrigated citrus seedling production is a viable entrepreneurship with an IRR of higher value than the current interest rate.