The Metabolic Syndrome and Disturbances in Sex Hormones Levels in both gender

Abstract

Background: Sex hormones play an important role in lipid metabolism, but also on elements of the metabolic syndrome. Gonadal hormones have been associated with an increased cardiovascular risk and with severity of atherosclerosis in diabetes mellitus patients and healthy men. Furthermore, low levels of serum testosterone and high levels of estradiol have been associated with obesity, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance .This study aimed to study the disturbances in sex hormone in both gender and evaluated the correlation between sex hormone with phsio-biochemical parameters in both group.

Methods: Total of 80 subjects(40 male:40 female) ,aged35-65 years included in this study .About 5ml of fasting blood (8-12 h.) was collected from each individual. To determine serum FSH(Follicle-Stimulating Hormone),LH(Luteinizing Hormone) and sex hormone the quantitative sandwich enzyme immunoassay technique were used.FBG and Lipid profile were measured by an enzymatic colorimetric(GPO-POD) method.

Results: There were significant differences in physio-biochemical parameters between patients and control groups. There were significant elevation (P<0.05) in BMI(Body Mass Index), waist circumference (WC),Microalbuminuria (MA) ,Fasting blood glucose (FBG) , TG ,Testosterone ,Estradiol, FSH and LH in metabolic patients than control group, whereas the results of Systolic(SBP) and diastolic(DBP) blood pressure ,Cholesterol , HDL(High density lipoprotein) , LDL(Low density lipoprotein) and VLDL (Very low density lipoprotein) show no significant differences (P > 0.05) between metabolic groups and control. According to gender the results show significant elevation (P<0.05) in BMI ,HDL, Estradiol, FSH and LH in females than males and significant elevation (P<0.05) in Triglyceride and Testosterone in males than females , while other parameters show no significant differences (p>0.05) between males and females. Correlation analysis showed positive correlation between Estradiol with BMI in metabolic patients(r= 0.43,P= 0.05), while in control group there was an inverse correlation between Estradiol and BMI was found(r= - 0.01,P= 0.03) .

Conclusions: Disturbances in Sex hormones has been associated with metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and obesity.

Keywords:Sex hormones, metabolic syndrome, lipid profile, BMI.