A TRIAL TO PREVENT VIBRIO CHOLERAE IN ALBINO MICE USING AUTOGENOUS BACTERIN

Abstract

This study was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of autogenous bacterin against Vibrio cholerae ETOR type isolated from Ubahudara and Aruolah streams in Uli community, Ihiala L.G.A, Anambra State.  A total of 16 water samples were drawn from each stream and screened for the presence of Vibrio cholerae using pour plate method. The colonies generated from the primary isolation wassub cultured, characterized and identified using their colony description, morphological and biochemical characteristics. The pathogenic potentials of the organism on mice were investigated by challenging the mice orally using 0.5 ml of the inoculum (10⁸cells/ml). The infected mice were kept under observation for two weeks for clinical signs, mortalities, gross lesions, histopathological changes and re-isolation from the internal organs after sacrificing the mice. The protective effect of bacterin was investigated using in vivo method. The result revealed that Vibrio cholerae ETOR type was significantly (P˂ 0.05) seen more in Ubahudara stream (67.44%) than Aruolah stream (32.56%). There were gross clinical abnormalities; kidney and liver congestion, perihepatits and fluid accumulation in the intestines. The histopathological examination revealed marked mono nuclear cell infilteration, disintegration of cartilage surrounding the bronchiole, necrosis of the tubules of kidney and red pulp of the spleen. The mean counts of the organism were significantly (P˂ 0.05) most in the lungs, followed by the spleen, kidney and the liver was the least. The results of in vivo activity showed that this autogenous bacterin was effective in reducing pathological changes. Its effect was significant (P˂ 0.05) when compared with the infected non-treated mice. Thus, this study has proven the efficacy of bacterin in preventing Vibrio cholerae ETOR type in albino mice for short term.

Key words: Vibrio cholerae, autogenous, bacterin, histopathological