Applications of Nanotechnology in the Treatment of Heart Attack and Cancer

Abstract

Nanotechnology is unique in that it represents not just one specific area, but a vast variety of disciplines ranging from basic material science to personal care applications. Thus this technology is very advanced and various researches are a heading in this field very quickly One of the important areas of nanotechnology is “nanomedicine,” which, refers to highly specific medical intervention at the molecular scale for diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases. The importance of nanotechnology in drug delivery is in the concept and ability to manipulate molecules and super molecular structures for producing devices with programmed functions. Conventional liposomes, polymeric micelles, and nanoparticles are now called “nanovehicles,”. Those conventional drug delivery systems would have evolved to the present state regardless of the current nanotechnology revolution. To achieve efficient drug delivery it is important to understand the interactions of nanomaterials with the biological environment, targeting cell-surface receptors, drug release, and molecular mechanisms of cell signalling involved in pathobiology of the disease under consideration. Several anti-cancer drugs including paclitaxel, doxorubicin, 5-fluorouracil and dexamethasone have been successfully formulated using nanomaterials. The nano drug delivery systems hold great potential to overcome some of the barriers of cells and molecules in heart attack and cancer.

Keywords: Nanotechnology, nanomedicine, nanoparticles, liposomes, polymeric micelles, nanoparticles, dendrimers, and nanocrystals. Liposomes and polymer micelles, PLGA, etc,.

DOI: 10.7176/APTA/80-03

Publication date:October 31^st 2019