Awareness of Opportunities and Challenges Related to Artificial Intelligence in Health Sector of Developing Economies: Systematic Review Analysis

Abstract

Purpose: Given the proper implementation of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology, administrative and medical processes in the health sector of countries with low incomes can change quickly. This modification highlights the crucial influence of AI on a variety of health sector processes. Previous research indicates that AI may improve the standard of medical treatments. According to reports, AI technologies make life better for people by making it simpler, safer, and more productive. This study sought to identify the most significant potential and difficulties related to the application of AI in the health sector of emerging economies. Method: A thorough systematic literature review analysis was conducted using a total of 6 databases (Web of Science, ACM Digital, Science Direct, Emerald, IEEE, and Scopus). The selection was narrowed down to 49 articles after careful consideration in order to complete the review on potential AI possibilities and challenges that the health sector of developing economies need to be aware of.Results: The study found five major obstacles connected with AI adoption that requires attention in developing nations' health sectors: a lack of infrastructure, a lack of AI capabilities and skills, data integration, security, privacy, and legal concerns, as well as patient safety. The research also revealed six AI potentials that can aid the developing economy's health sector, including data exchange and availability, workflow management, cost reduction, resource management, professional training, and autonomous decision-making. It was discovered that AI has the ability to significantly outperform humans in terms of accuracy, efficiency, and timeliness of medical and associated administrative activities.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Opportunities, Challenges, Health Sector, Developing Economies, PRISMA

DOI: 10.7176/CEIS/14-3-03

Publication date:August 31^st 2023