Phytoremediation Potential of SENNA OCCIDENTALIS to remove Heavy metals from waste soil in Makurdi, Nigeria

Abstract

This paper is aim to investigate the capacity of plant (Senna occidentalis) to remove contaminant in waste soil polluted by various heavy metals. The phytoextraction of Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn from waste dumpsite using Link plant (Senna occidentalis) was investigated under natural phytoextraction (NPE), chelant-assisted phytoextraction (CPE), Poultry manure-assisted phytoextraction (PMPE). Link plants were grown for 8 weeks in soils receiving: no treatment/amendments as NPE, citric acid (0.05 - 2.0 mmol) and EDTA (0.05 - 2.0 mmol) amendments as CPE, Poultry Manure (2.0 - 10.0 % w/w) as PMPE. Post-harvest roots and shoots biomass (g) were 51.29 and 93.33 for NPE, (EDTA) ranged from 23.58 - 39.36 and 66.78 - 83.14, MPE ranged from 49.95 - 87.75 and 95.14 - 170.18. The percentage metal extractability in the various scenario followed the order, NPE; Ni > Cd > Zn > Cu > Pb, CPE (EDTA): Zn > Pb> Cd> Ni > Cu, The BCF and TF was calculated for tissue metal concentrations, NPE showed that BCF for all metals were < 1, TF for Cd (1.10) and Ni (2.59) were > 1 while Cu, Pb and Zn were < 1. EDTA CPE showed that BCF for all metals at all level of treatments were < 1 while the TF were > 1 for Cd (1.23, 1.20, 1.54 and 1.11) Cd (1.30 and 1.07) and Zn( 2.33 and 1.91) while Ni and Pb were all  <1. In general, S.occidentalis was capable of taking up all the Heavy metals under study, accumulating and adequately translocating them to the aboveground harvestable biomass provided the necessary soil amendment is done.

Keywords: Example (S.occidentalis, Phytorediation, Heavy metal and Natural Phytoextraction)

DOI: 10.7176/CMR/11-4-05

Publication date: April 30^th 2019