Developing End-user ICT skills: case of Higher Learning Institutions in Tanzania

Abstract

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) constitutes an infrastructure that permits higher learning institutions to perform their key function of teaching, learning, research and consultancy in an efficient and effective way (Mikko, 2006). However, before any new technology can be utilized those who will be using it need to have skills to do so (Okpaku, 2003). Studies done by scholars including Wanyenda (2008); Lwehabura (2008); Mostert and Quinn (2009); Archibong and David (2009); Ademodi and Adepoju (2009) as well as Swarts and Wachira (2010) shows that, Information searching skills, Information evaluation skills and skills on ethical use of information are vital in higher learning Institutions. The emphasis shown by scholars on the need to develop end-user ICT skills tempt one to believe that Higher Learning Institutions invest heavily in this area so as to equip such skills to all students and staff. However, based on findings only 6.1%, 4.7% and 6.8% had adequate skills on searching, evaluation and ethical use of information respectively; 50.7%, 43.9% and 52% had little knowledge while 43.2%, 51.4% and 41.2% had no such skills respectively. This paper examines the environment in which end-user ICT skills are being developed; deduces the effectiveness of strategies used in developing such skills; identifies challenges and finally recommends means through which the process of developing End-user ICT skills among students and staff could be improved.

Keywords: ICT, End-user ICT skills, Higher Learning Institutions, Tanzania