Some Histological Changes in the Intestines of Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mellitus Albino Rats

Abstract

Changes in intestinal histology of the Albino rats with alloxan induced diabetes mellitus was investigated using fifteen (15) albino rats. The rats were divided into 3 groups A, B, C. Group A served as the control group, group B served as the experimental low dose treated with 100mg/bw of Alloxan, while group C served as the experimental high dose was treated with 200mg/bw of Alloxan. The small intestines were removed and passed through routine tissue processing. The results in the rat of the control group A showed the mucosa, sub-mucosa, muscle and serious layer, luminar surfaces of the villi were lined by simple columnar cells. The brunner glands were also seen in the submucosa. While in rat of group B (low dose); the brunner glands appear to have decreased in size and number of goblet cells appeared more columnar. The histology of the layer was almost as similar to that of the control group. Group C (high dose); whereas in rats in group C was degeneration of the brunner glands characterized by pale staining cytoplasm; the nuclei of the columnar cells of the villi appear pykonotic; there was also loss of villi; the sub-mucosa coat appears to have undergone fibrotic changes; and, the various layers appear indistinct. Our results suggest that high dose of alloxan causes degeneration of the various layers of the duodenum.

Keywords: Alloxan, Diabetes mellitus, Wistar rats, Histological changes