Phytochemical and Antibacterial Screening of Leaf and Stem Bark Extracts of Bridelia ferrugina

Abstract

The search for the presence of bioactive compound in wild plants that are more effective, safe and available is a continued process. In view of that, ethanol leaf and methanol stem bark extract of Bridelia ferrugina were screened for phytochemical properties and anti-bacterial potential. The quantitative analysis of both leaf and stem bark reveals the presence of alkaloids (2.07±0.42) (4.27±0.012), glycosides (5.48±0.02) (4.32±0.04), saponins (9.85±0.50) (10.83±0.12), tannins (5.37±0.16) (8.33±0.06) respectively. The stem bark extract contain Flavonoids (11.70±0.54). The Anthraquinone, Cardiac Glycoside, Saponin glycoside and Volatile oils and Steroids were absent. The effect of ethanol leaf and methanol stem extract stem bark extract of Bridelia ferrugina on E. coli, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus aureus were also evaluated. The result obtained revealed that methanol extract was the most effective on Streptococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Escherichia coli, while ethanol extract was most effective on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The result of study was discussed in terms of its medicinal potentials as a basis for its traditional uses in the treatment of diseases.

Keywords: Phytochemical, antibacterial, Bridelia ferrugina extracts.