Study the levels of adiponectin, FSH, LH and Sex hormones in Type 2 diabetes (NIDDM)

Abstract

The hypothalamic/pituitary/gonadal (HPG)axis is central to the mammalian reproductive system . Pulsatile release of GnRH from neurons in the hypothalamus stimulates the secretion of LH and FSH from gonadotropes in the anterior pituitary. It has long been recognized that reproductive function is closely associated with energy balance, and metabolic dysregulation is linked with reproductive abnormalities (Lu et al.,2008). Compare the differences in levels of adiponectin, FSH, LH, testosterone and estradiol between the diabetic patients and control group and in diabetic patients according to the durations of disease for both males and females groups  .Also study the relationship between adiponectin and hormones for both gender and for both diabetic groups and control also in diabetic patients according to the durations of disease. About five milliliters of venous blood were collected from each subject in the study. The blood was separated by centrifugation at (3000 rpm) for 15 min. The sera were stored frozen at (-20 ºC) until assayed. This study was conducted between November 2010- November 2012 and, it was carried out at the diabetic Centre / Merjan Teaching Hospital in Babel Province, by taking 120 diabetic patients non- insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) (60 male  and 60 female)with disease durations(0-5),(>5-10 )and (>10 )years ,and with age average (35-65 year), most of them were on oral hypoglycemic drugs, and the study included 40 people apparently healthy that included  20 male and 20 female with age average (35-65 year) ,as control matched with disease groups. The statistical analysis of this study showed that patients with Type 2 diabetes of both males and females had significantly lower in adiponectin levels than control group (P<0.05),but this level of adiponectin significantly higher in females than males for both diabetic groups and control (p<0.05)  ,while the levels of FSH and LH had significantly higher in diabetes group than control (p<0.05) ,also significantly higher  in females than males for both diabetic groups and control (P< 0.05). The result of hormonal analysis show there were no significant differences in estradiol and testosterone between diabetic groups and control (p > 0.05). According to the durations of disease, the results show significant elevation in adiponectin level  in third duration of disease for both males and females groups as compared with first and second duration (P <0.004), while the levels of FSH, LH ,estradiol and testosterone show no significant differences among duration(P>0.05). According to the gender ,levels of adiponectin ,FSH, LH, and estradiol were significantly higher in females than males(P<0.05) , whereas levels of testosterone was significantly higher in males than females (P<0.05) . Correlation analysis showed an inverse correlation between adiponectin and FSH in female diabetic patients. Also an inverse correlation between adiponectin and estradiol was found in females of control group, while the correlation of LH and testosterone with adiponectin appears no significant correlation for both groups and for both males and females . According to the durations of disease, in first duration (0-5year)the study revealed positive correlation between adiponectin and FSH in male diabetic patients . In third duration (>10 year) an inverse correlation between adiponectin and FSH in female diabetic patients. The result also appears no significant correlation among adiponectin and LH, estradiol and testosterone in both gender among duration . The results of the present study indicate that the patients with Type 2 diabetes of both males and females had significantly lower in adiponectin levels than control group . levels of adiponectin significantly higher in females than males for both diabetic groups and control. Adiponectin levels significantly increased with duration of disease also with age.  Levels of FSH and LH had significantly higher in diabetic patients than control also significantly higher in females than males for both groups . Correlation analysis showed inverse correlation between adiponectin and both FSH and estradiol in female diabetic patients also inverse correlation between adiponectin and both FSH and estradiol in third duration of female diabetic patients.