Genetic and Non-Genetic Parameters for Reproductive Traits of Dairy Cattle in Ethiopia: A Review

Abstract

Estimation of phenotypic and genetic parameters for reproductive traits is an important tool for the definition and evaluation of selection programs. Results from various studies indicated that research should be intensified to identify and utilize animals with greater genetic potential. Some researchers reported high value, whereas another reported low to moderate heritability value for reproductive traits. The contradictory results may be associated with differences in local breed, number and composition of used animals in the estimation procedures and differences in methods and software used in genetic parameter estimation. Knowledge of genetic and phenotypic parameters is required for planning efficient breeding programs in animal husbandry. By knowledge of heritability estimate, animal geneticists can determine whether or not a particular trait can be improved by selection, by improvement of management practices, or both. Genetic parameter estimation of indigenous cattle has been scanty in Ethiopia except limited research activities that have been doing in research centres, universities and some state farms. Even though the country has more than 27 indigenous characterized breeds, only few of them (Boran, Arsi, Fogera and Barka) have estimated their performance for cross breeding purpose. Since livestock are on the hands of farmers and characterized by having small fragmented population and absence of pedigree history, performance testing and selection and breeding programme/ has not been performed over the years. Estimation of phenotypic performance and genetic parameters over time is necessary, because of change in management, increased number of herds and herd size, Ethiopia, import semen from other countries.

Keywords: genetic parameters, non-genetic parameters, reproductive performance

DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/13-5-01

Publication date: April 30^th 2023