Connecting the Botanical Principles and Practical Laboratory Botanical Gardening: The Experience of BS Biology Students

Abstract

Genuine botany education extends beyond the four walls of the classroom, requiring students to apply learned knowledge and skills to real-life contexts. However, limited attention has been given by the Botany instructors to the application of botanical concepts in gardening activities. Thus, this study examined how the Central Philippine University (CPU) BS Biology students connect their classroom learning in Botany to botanical gardening practices. The current study is grounded in constructionism, where students actively build knowledge of plant growth by integrating lecture concepts with hands-on experiences in the botanical garden. It is further supported by experiential learning theories of David A. Kolb and John Dewey, emphasizing that learning develops through experience, reflection, and interaction with the environment. The present study employed an interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) design. Twenty students were randomly selected as participants, and data were collected through a qualitative survey using validated guide questions. Instrument validation was conducted through peer and parallel evaluation, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed that students acquired key concepts from general Botany, including molecular and cellular processes, plant physiology, reproduction and genetics, development, environmental interactions, evolution, and plant’ uses. These concepts guided them in maintaining plant growth and health through proper identification of plant needs and understanding of physiological processes. Students also developed practical skills such as taxonomy, plant maintenance, resource management, landscaping, social interaction, use of gardening tools, laboratory reporting, and soil preparation. These skills were applied in assessing plant conditions, controlling diseases, creating suitable environments, and monitoring plant growth. Students were able to revive plant health through consistent monitoring, pest management, application of farm technology, and reinforcement of physiological knowledge. Their experiences evoked both positive and negative emotions during plant deterioration. In this light, the participation in botanical gardening fostered positive attitudes toward plant care, environmental awareness, and collaboration. The study concludes that integrating botanical gardening into the Botany curriculum is highly recommended.

Keywords: Botany, botanical principles, botanical garden, laboratory, gardening

DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/16-2-03

Publication date: July 31^st 2026